Part 1

Bit - is a binary digit, taking a value of either 0 or 1. For example, the number 10010111 is 8 bits long, or in most cases, one modern PC byte. Binary digits are a basic unit of information storage and communication in digital computing and digital information theory. Information theory also often uses the natural digit, called either a nit or a nat. Quantum computing also uses qubits, a single piece of information with a probability of being true. The bit is also a unit of measurement, the information capacity of one binary digit. It has the symbol bit, or b. Byte - is a unit of data that is eight binary digits long. A byte is the unit most computers use to represent a character such as a letter, number, or typographic symbol (for example, "g", "5", or "?"). A byte can also hold a string of bits that need to be used in some larger unit for application purposes (for example, the stream of bits that constitute a visual image for a program that displays images or the string of bits that constitutes the machine code of a computer program). Kb (kilobit) - a kilobit is a thousand (103) bits. It's commonly used for measuring the amount of data that is transferred in a second between two telecommunication points. Kilobits per second is usually shortened to Kbps. KB (kilobyte) - is usually abbreviated as K or KB. To distinguish between a decimal K (1,000) and a binary K (1,024), the IEEE has suggested following the convention of using a small k for a decimal kilo and a capital K for a binary kilo, but this convention is by no means strictly followed. Mb (megabit) - a megabit is a million binary pulses, or 1,000,000 (that is, 106) pulses (or "bits"). It's commonly used for measuring the amount of data that is transferred in a second between two telecommunication points. For example, a U.S. phone company T-carrier system line is said to sustain a data rate of 1.544 megabits per second. Megabits per second is usually shortened to Mbps. MB (megabyte) - As a measure of computer processor storage and real and virtual memory, a megabyte (abbreviated MB) is 2 to the 20th power bytes, or 1,048,576 bytes in decimal notation. GB (gigabyte) - is a measure of computer data storage capacity and is "roughly" a billion bytes. A gigabyte is two to the 30th power, or 1,073,741,824 in decimal notation. The term is pronounced with two hard Gs. The prefix, "giga" comes from a Greek word meaning "giant." TB (terabyte) - is a measure of computer storage capacity and is 2 to the 40th power or approximately a thousand billion bytes (that is, a thousand gigabytes). kbps (kilobits per second) - (kbps, kb/s) A unit of data rate where 1 kb/s = 1000 bits per second. This contrasts with units of storage where 1 Kb = 1024 bits (note upper case K). kBps (kilobytes per second) - A kilobyte per second (kB/s or kBps) is a unit of data transfer rate equal to:1,000 bytes per second, or8 kilobits per second. Mbps (megabits per second) - (Mbps, Mb/s) Millions of bit per second. A unit of data rate. 1 Mb/s = 1,000,000 bits per second (not 1,048,576). MBps (megabytes per second) - A megabyte is 2 to the 20th power, or 1,048,576 bytes. It can be estimated as 10 to the 6th power, or one million (1,000,000) bytes. A megabyte is 1,024 kilobytes and precedes the gigabyte unit of measurement. Large computer files are typically measured in megabytes. Gbps (gigabits per second) - (Gbps) A unit of information transfer rate equal to one billion bits per second. While a gigabit is defined as a power of two (2^30 bits), a gigabit per second is defined as a power of ten (10^9 bits per second, which is slightly less) than 2^30). Tbps (terabits per second) - a terabit is one trillion bits, or 1,000,000,000,000 (that is, 1012) bits. A terabit is used for measuring the amount of data that is transferred in a second between two telecommunication points or within network devices. Hz (hertz) - is a unit of frequency (of change in state or cycle in a sound wave, alternating current, or other cyclical waveform) of one cycle per second. It replaces the earlier term of "cycle per second (cps)." MHz (megahertz) - a megahertz, abbreviated MHz, is a unit of alternating current (AC) or electromagnetic (EM) wave frequency equal to one million hertz (1,000,000 Hz). GHz (gigahertz) - a gigahertz, abbreviated GHz, is a unit of alternating current (AC) or electromagnetic (EM) wave frequency equal to one thousand million hertz (1,000,000,000 Hz).